Main page Compare countries Index countries Index fields

Query:
##ciekawa_strona##

Compare Saint Helena (2008) - Montenegro (2007)

Compare Saint Helena (2008) z Montenegro (2007)

 Saint Helena (2008)Montenegro (2007)
 Saint HelenaMontenegro
Administrative divisions 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* 21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevica, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgorica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak
Age structure 0-14 years: 18.7% (male 716/female 691)


15-64 years: 71.1% (male 2,755/female 2,608)


65 years and over: 10.2% (male 358/female 415) (2007 est.)
-
Agriculture - products coffee, corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, lobster (on Tristan da Cunha); livestock grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible
Airports 1 (2007) 5 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 413 sq km


land: Saint Helena Island 122 sq km; Ascension Island 90 sq km; Tristan da Cunha island group 201 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 14,026 sq km


land: 13,812 sq km


water: 214 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background Saint Helena is a British Overseas Territory consisting of Saint Helena and Ascension Islands, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha.


Saint Helena: Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. During the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa, several thousand Boer prisoners were confined on the island between 1900 and 1903.


Ascension Island: This barren and uninhabited island was discovered and named by the Portuguese in 1503. The British garrisoned the island in 1815 to prevent a rescue of Napoleon from Saint Helena and it served as a provisioning station for the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron on anti-slavery patrol. The island remained under Admiralty control until 1922, when it became a dependency of Saint Helena. During World War II, the UK permitted the US to construct an airfield on Ascension in support of trans-Atlantic flights to Africa and anti-submarine operations in the South Atlantic. In the 1960s the island became an important space tracking station for the US. In 1982, Ascension was an essential staging area for British forces during the Falklands War, and it remains a critical refueling point in the air-bridge from the UK to the South Atlantic.


Tristan da Cunha: The island group consists of the islands of Tristan da Cunha, Nightingale, Inaccessible, and Gough. Tristan da Cunha is named after its Portuguese discoverer (1506); it was garrisoned by the British in 1816 to prevent any attempt to rescue Napoleon from Saint Helena. Gough and Inaccessible Islands have been designated World Heritage Sites. South Africa leases a site for a meteorological station on Gough Island.
The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries Montenegro was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocracy ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was absorbed by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929; at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. In May 2006, Montenegro invoked its right under the Constitutional Charter of Serbia and Montenegro to hold a referendum on independence from the state union. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded 55% - the threshold set by the EU - allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.
Birth rate 11.93 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 11.18 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $13.09 million


expenditures: $32.16 million


note: revenue data reflect locally raised revenues only; the budget deficit is resolved by grant aid from the United Kingdom (FY06/07 est.)
revenues: NA


expenditures: NA
Capital name: Jamestown


geographic coordinates: 15 56 S, 5 44 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
name: Podgorica (administrative capital)


geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October


note: Cetinje (capital city)
Climate Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds


Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid


Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland
Coastline Saint Helena: 60 km


Ascension Island: NA


Tristan da Cunha: 40 km
293.5 km
Constitution 1 January 1989 12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly); note - Montenegro is currently writing a new constitution set to be presented to Parliament in spring 2007
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Helena
conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro


conventional short form: Montenegro


local long form: Republika Crna Gora


local short form: Crna Gora


former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro
Death rate 6.63 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 8.39 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Roderick W. MOORE


embassy: Ljubljanska bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [382] 81 225 417


FAX: [382] 81 241 358
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC


chancery: 1610 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 234-6108


FAX: [1] (202) 234-6109
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $29.56 million obtained in a grant from the United Kingdom (FY06/07) $NA
Economy - overview The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which will amount to about $27 million in FY06/07 or almost 70% of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and maintained its own central bank, used the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collected customs tariffs, and managed its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. On 18 January 2007, Montenegro joined the World Bank and IMF. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector.
Electricity - consumption 7.44 million kWh (2005) 18.6 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) -
Electricity - production 8 million kWh (2005) 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m


highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m
Environment - current issues NA pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor
Environment - international agreements - party to: Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ship Pollution
Ethnic groups African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma (Gypsy)) 12%
Exchange rates Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.4993 (2007), 0.5434 (2006), 0.5493 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003)


note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound
euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Andrew GURR (since 11 November 2007)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, three ex-officio officers, and five elected members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 13 November 2006)


cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet


elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly


election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8%
Exports 0 bbl/day (2004) $171.3 million (2003)
Exports - commodities fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts -
Exports - partners Tanzania 37.7%, US 17.4%, Japan 15.2%, UK 8.4%, Nigeria 4.8%, Spain 4.5% (2006) Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA%
Geographic coordinates Saint Helena: 15 57 S, 5 42 W


Ascension Island: 7 57 S, 14 22 W


Tristan da Cunha island group: 37 15 S, 12 30 W
42 30 N, 19 18 E
Geography - note Saint Helena harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns; Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha is the highest island mountain in the South Atlantic and a prominent landmark on the sea lanes around southern Africa strategic location along the Adriatic coast
Heliports - 1 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
-
Imports 64.07 bbl/day (2004) $601.7 million (2003)
Imports - commodities food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts -
Imports - partners UK 53.5%, South Africa 14.3%, Spain 10.3%, Tanzania 8.5%, US 4.6% (2006) Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2006)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro)
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing, philatelic sales steelmaking, aluminum, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 17.67 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.19 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
-
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.2% (1997 est.) 3.4% (2004)
International organization participation UPU CE, CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICCt, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land NA NA
Judicial branch Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)
Labor force 2,486


note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
259,100 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 6%


industry: 48%


services: 46% (1987 est.)
agriculture: 2%


industry: 30%


services: 68% (2004 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 625 km


border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km
Land use arable land: 12.9%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.1% (2005)
arable land: 13.7%


permanent crops: 1%


other: 85.3%
Languages English Serbian (official; Ijekavian dialect), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian
Legal system English common law and statutes, supplemented by local statutes based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, three ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 31 August 2005 (next to be held in 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 12
unicameral Assembly (81 seats; members elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats in 2006)


elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010)


election results: percent of vote by party - Coalition for European Montenegro 40.6%, Serbian List 15.3%, Coalition SNP-NS-DSS 14.8%, PZP 13.9%, Liberals and Bosniaks 3.8%, other (including Albanian minority parties) 11.6%; seats by party - Coalition for European Montenegro 39, Serbian List 12, Coalition SNP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Albanian minority parties 5
Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.09 years


male: 75.19 years


female: 81.15 years (2007 est.)
-
Literacy definition: age 20 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 98% (1987 est.)
-
Location islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa; Ascension Island lies 700 nm northwest of Saint Helena; Tristan da Cunha lies 2300 nm southwest of Saint Helena Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia
Map references Africa Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


continental shelf: defined by treaty
Merchant marine - total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT


by type: cargo 4


registered in other countries: 3 (Bahamas 2, St Vincent and The Grenadines 1) (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces
National holiday Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) National Day, 13 July (1878)
Nationality noun: Saint Helenian(s)


adjective: Saint Helenian


note: referred to locally as "Saints"
noun: Montenegrin(s)


adjective: Montenegrin
Natural hazards active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961 destructive earthquakes
Natural resources fish, lobster bauxite, hydroelectricity
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) -
Political parties and leaders none Albanian Alternative or AA [Vesel SINISHTAJ]; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for European Montenegro or DPS-SDP (bloc) [Milo DUKANOVIC] (includes DPS and SDP); Coalition SNP-NS-DSS (bloc) (includes SNP, NS, and DSS); Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity or SPP [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS [Ranko KADIC]; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Liberals and the Bosniak Party (bloc) [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC] (includes LP and BS); Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; Party of Serb Radicals or SSR [Dusko SEKULIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; People's Socialist Party or NSS [Emilo LABUDOVIC]; Serbian List (bloc) [Andrija MANDIC] (includes SSR, NSS, and SNS); Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Srdjan MILIC]
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 7,543


note: only Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha islands are inhabited (July 2007 est.)
684,736 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 12.2% (2003)
Population growth rate 0.53% (2007 est.) -1% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations Saint Helena: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0


Ascension: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2005)
31 (station types NA) (2004)
Railways - total: 250 km


standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2006)
Religions Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.036 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.056 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.863 male(s)/female


total population: 1.031 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
-
Suffrage NA years of age 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: can communicate worldwide


domestic: automatic digital network


international: country code (Saint Helena) - 290, (Ascension Island) - 247; international direct dialing; satellite voice and data communications; satellite earth stations - 5 (Ascension Island - 4, Saint Helena - 1)
general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites


domestic: GSM wireless service, available through 2 providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly


international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); 2 international switches connect the national system
Telephones - main lines in use 2,200 (2002) 353,300 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 821,800 (2006)
Television broadcast stations 0 (3 television channels are received via satellite and distributed by UHF) (2005) 13 (2004)
Terrain the islands of this group result from volcanic activity associated with the Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge


Saint Helena: rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains


Ascension: surface covered by lava flows and cinder cones of 44 dormant volcanoes; ground rises to the east


Tristan da Cunha: sheer cliffs line the coastline of the nearly circular island; the flanks of the central volcanic peak are deeply dissected; narrow coastal plain lies between The Peak and the coastal cliffs
highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus
Total fertility rate 1.55 children born/woman (2007 est.) -
Transportation - note there is no air connection to Saint Helena or Tristan da Cunha; an international airport for Saint Helena is in development for 2010 -
Unemployment rate 14% (1998 est.) 27.7% (2005)
Sitemap: Compare countries listing (map site) | Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.